Penentuan Lokasi Prioritas Penanganan Penduduk Miskin Melalui Analisis Spasial Infrastruktur Dasar di Kota Medan

Abstract

Urban poverty is a multidimensional issue that requires a spatial data–driven approach to understand inequality patterns and determine development intervention needs. This study aims to analyze the relationship between poverty levels and basic infrastructure conditions in Medan City and to identify priority locations for development interventions. A quantitative-descriptive approach was employed by integrating poverty and basic infrastructure data (sanitation, drinking water, and electricity) at the sub-district level, supported by Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The analysis was conducted in three stages: descriptive mapping of poverty levels based on welfare decile classifications, spatial overlay analysis between poverty and basic infrastructure, and classification of priority areas based on the results of spatial integration. The findings indicate that the northern areas of Medan, particularly Medan Belawan, Medan Labuhan, and Medan Deli, exhibit high poverty levels and limited infrastructure, thus categorized as high-priority zones. In contrast, the central and southern regions display better socio-economic conditions with relatively comprehensive infrastructure access. The spatial data integration produced poverty distribution maps and development priority maps that can serve as a basis for evidence-based policy formulation. This study confirms that descriptive spatial analysis is effective in supporting more accurate, efficient, and equitable regional planning and can serve as a reference for local governments in poverty alleviation and integrated basic infrastructure development.